Habasit(哈伯斯特)輸送帶摩擦

Definition and peculiarities of friction定義和摩擦的特殊性

Definition of friction 摩擦的定義
Friction is a physical characteristic that exists between two distinct bodies in contact with each other that would resist a force with potential to produce movement of the bodies relative to the other. 摩擦是相互聯系的兩個不同的機構，會抗拒的力量與可能產生的機構相對于其他運動之間存在的物理特性。



m 米 = mass [kg] Weight of the body =質量[公斤]身體的重量

F _N F _? = normal force [N] Represents the force by which the weight of the body acts upon the supporting surface due to gravity =正常力[N]表示體重后，由于重力的支撐面行為的力量

F _{A F} A = tractive force [N] Force to move the body against the supporting surface (active force) = [N]力移動對身體的支撐面的牽引力（主動力）

F _{F F} F = frictional force [N] Force with the potential to resist the movement of the body against the supporting surface (reactive force) =摩擦力[N]部隊與潛在的抵抗運動對身體的支撐面反作用力
g = 9.81 m/s ² (acceleration due to gravity used for converting a mass in kilogram to a force in Newton) G = 9.81米/秒^2（重力加速度 用于轉換質量在牛頓的力量公斤）


Causes of friction 摩擦的原因
Friction is mainly caused by the surface roughness of the objects in contact to each other. 表面粗糙度的相互接觸的對象主要是由于摩擦。 In general applies: The rougher the surface， the higher the friction.一般適用于：表面粗糙的，更高的摩擦。 However， if both surfaces become ultra-smooth， friction from molecular attraction comes into play， often becoming greater than the mechanical friction.但是，如果兩個表面成為超平滑，從分子吸引力的摩擦來發揮作用，往往成為大于機械摩擦。 This is especially the case with soft materials， like rubber and other soft synthetics.這是特別是與軟質材料，如橡膠等軟合成纖維。 Soft materials will deform when under pressure， material deformation is also increasing the friction.軟質材料會變形，當壓力下， 材料的變形也越來越多的摩擦。


Coefficient of friction m 的摩擦系數米
The coefficient of friction ( m ) is the ratio of the frictional force (F _F ) divided by the normal force (F _N ):摩擦系數（M）是摩擦力的比率_（F F）除以正常的力_（N） ：
 

This above ratio is called Coulomb‘s law of friction (Coulomb was a French physicist， 1726-1806).這以上的比例被稱為庫侖摩擦法（庫侖是法國物理學家，1726年至1806年）。 The coefficient of friction has no units of measure (force divided by force).摩擦系數的測量單位（除以受力力）。

The friction law can easily be verified.摩擦法可以很容易地得到驗證。 Pull an object (eg a book) by a spring scale over a clean surface and read off the tractive force (F _A ).由一個干凈的表面彈簧秤拉一個對象（例如書籍）和讀出牽引力（ _一 ）。 Repeat the determination with the doubled mass (eg two books) and the tractive force will double.重復一倍的質量（如兩本書）和牽引力將增加一倍的決心。




How to detect the coefficient of friction m 如何檢測摩擦系數米
With the aid of a spring scale (see above) the approximative coefficient of friction between a belt and a specific surface can easy be detected.隨著彈簧規模的援助（見上文）近似一條皮帶和一個特定的表面之間的摩擦系數，可以很容易被發現。 There is a physically correct way (example a) and a physically not quite correct， but in the praxis applicable way (example b).有一個物理的正確方法（例如）和物理上不是很正確，但在實踐適用的方式（例如B）。

a) Example of the physically correct way一個物理上正確的方法）的例子

Weight of the object m = 1 kg (unit of a mass is kg)對象的重量M = 1公斤（集體單位為kg）
Tractive force measured F _A = 4.9 N (unit of a force is Newton)牽引力_F A = 4.9 N（出一份力的單位是牛頓）



a) Example of the physically not quite correct， but in practice applicable way一）身體不太正確的例子，但在實踐中的適用方式

Weight of the object m = 1 kg (unit of a mass is kg)對象的重量M = 1公斤（集體單位為kg）
Tractive "force" measured F _A = 0.5 kg (unit of a force is actually Newton)牽引“力”測_F A = 0.5公斤（單位的力量實際上是牛頓）